Pretty sure EB can count as marriage, but it can also stand in place of other ceremonies where vows are needed between more than one person. Most often, though, it is the former.
As the devs have stated, same-sex isn't really a concern since most people in Eorzea have bigger things to worry about than who gets married to whom, or what gender the pair happens to be. If people are happy together, great, that's all that really matters. People of all races and tribes marry, both within their respective race/tribe, and with others from different groups. It may not be as common as we perceive it to be, canonically, due to cultural differences.
As far as names, I've seen the woman taken the man's last name, but I've also seen the other way where the man takes the woman's last name. And there have been plenty where no name change is involved at all. It's entirely a matter of preference.
If you're looking to do it for RP purposes, just go a step at a time. Build rapport with someone and let things happen on their own. If you want to do it just for grins OOCly, just to see what happens, it's also worth it for some of the items you get from it.
As the devs have stated, same-sex isn't really a concern since most people in Eorzea have bigger things to worry about than who gets married to whom, or what gender the pair happens to be. If people are happy together, great, that's all that really matters. People of all races and tribes marry, both within their respective race/tribe, and with others from different groups. It may not be as common as we perceive it to be, canonically, due to cultural differences.
As far as names, I've seen the woman taken the man's last name, but I've also seen the other way where the man takes the woman's last name. And there have been plenty where no name change is involved at all. It's entirely a matter of preference.
If you're looking to do it for RP purposes, just go a step at a time. Build rapport with someone and let things happen on their own. If you want to do it just for grins OOCly, just to see what happens, it's also worth it for some of the items you get from it.